Tiempos Verbales: Presente y Pasado Progresivo

Presente Progresivo/Continuo

El presente progresivo es usado cuando hablamos de:

¨     Acciones que estan ocurriendo en el momento que se habla:

Peter is reading a book now.
She’s listening to the radio.

¨     Planificaciones realizadas para un futuro cercano:

She is going to Basel on Saturday.

¨     Acciones temporales

His father is working in Rome this month.

¨     Acciones que estan ocurriendo en el momento que se esta hablando:

My friend is preparing for his exams.

¨     Tendencias

More and more people are using their computers to listen to music.

¨     Acciones repetidas las cuales molestan al hablante (con always, constantly, forever)

Andrew is always coming in late. (I don't like it.)

Forma del Presente Progresivo/Continuo

Para formar el presente progresivo o continuo utilizamos la forma del verbo to be (am, are or is) y la forma infinitiva del verbo con –ing al final; ejemplo:

Oraciones afirmativas:

            I am playing volleyball.                                 He/she/it is playing volleyball.
                                    We/you/they are playing volleyball.

NOTA: Utiliza am con I, is con he, she, it y con los demás pronombres are.

Oraciones Negativas:

 

            I am not playing volleyball.                    He/she/it is not playing volleyball.
                                   We/you/they are not playing volleyball.

Preguntas:

 En el presente progresivo se mueve el auxiliar (am, are o is) adelante del sujeto para formar una pregunta; ejemplo:

          Am I playing volleyball?                        Is he/she/it playing volleyball?

                                  Are we/you/they playing volleyball?

Verbos especiales en el presente progresivo

Existen verbos que normalmente no son utilizados en el presente progresivo como:

be, believe, belong, hate, hear, like, love, mean, prefer, remain, realize, see, seem, smell, think, understand, want, wish

A veces se utilizan estos verbos con el presente progresivo en las siguientes situaciones:

He's seeing his father tomorrow. (fixed date)

The group is seeing the sights of Paris. (see in connection with tourists)

They are having a great time in Kapstadt. (have as an activity verb)

What's the matter with you? What are you thinking? - (to be worried about sth.)

Formas largas y cortas del presente progresivo

long form	short form
I am reading	I'm reading
he is reading	he's reading
we are reading	we're reading

long form	short form
I am not reading	I'm not reading
he is not reading	he isn't reading or he's not reading
we are not reading	we aren't reading or we're not reading

Pasado Progresivo/Continuo

El pasado progresivo se utiliza cuando hablamos de:

¨     Acciones que estuvieron en proceso en un tiempo especifico del pasado:

Peter was reading a book yesterday evening.
She was listening to the radio.

¨     Dos acciones que estaban ocuriendo en el mismo momento:

Anne was writing a letter while Steve was reading the New York Times.

¨     Junto al pasado simple:

While we were sitting at the breakfast table, the telephone rang.

¨     Acciones repetitivas que irritant al hablante (with always, constantly, forever):

Andrew was always coming in late. (I don't like it.)

¨     Una acción que se estaba llevando a cabo y fue interrumpida por otra:

The ladies were talking when the accident happened.

Forma del pasado progresivo / continuo

Se utiliza la forma del verbo to be en pasado (was or were) y luego la forma infinita del verbo con –ing al final.

Oraciones afirmativas:

I/he/she/it was playing football.
We/you/they were playing football.

NOTA: en oraciones afirmativas no se utilizan las formas cortas en el pasado progresivo.

Oraciones Negativas:

I/he/she/it was not playing football.
We/you/they were not playing football.

Se utilizan formas cortas en las oraciones negativas:

I/he/she/it wasn't playing football.
We/you/they weren't playing football.

Preguntas:

En le pasado progresivo se coloca el auxiliar (was or were) se coloca adelante del sujeto.

Was I/he/she/it playing football?
Were we/you/they playing football?

Formas largas y cortas del pasado progresivo

negative (not after to be)
long form	short form
I was not reading	I wasn't reading
he was not reading	he wasn't reading
we were not reading	we weren't reading

NOTA: solo se usa la forma corta en oraciones negativas, las oraciones afirmativas solo van en forma larga.